Safety Tips for Using Laboratory Syringes

Syringes have a wide range of applications in a laboratory setting due to their ability to accurately measure and dispense liquids. Common lab uses include transferring precise volumes of liquid samples from one container to another for dilution, mixing, reagent preparation, and sample extraction. You may be using them for analytical techniques, like chromatography (such as high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) or gas chromatography), spectrophotometry, and titration. Syringes are often used for precise dosing and delivery of reagents during chemical reactions and synthesis processes, or in life science research for aspirating media, adding growth factors or nutrients, and transferring cells. In medical and veterinary research, syringes are used for the injection or infusion of drugs, vaccines, or contrast agents into animal models or cell cultures. Researchers can use lab syringes to collect liquid samples, particularly in environmental monitoring, water quality analysis, or biological sample collection. In microfluidic applications and lab-on-a-chip systems, syringes are perfect for precision control of fluid volumes and flow rates.

Types of Syringes

A variety of syringes are used in a laboratory setting. The most used syringes in laboratories are general use syringes, which are suitable for many applications. They typically have a luer slip or luer lock tip and come in various sizes, ranging from small microliter syringes to larger milliliter syringes. Also common are disposable syringes that are designed for single-use and are often made of plastic. They are pre-sterilized and come individually wrapped, ensuring cleanliness and convenience. Reusable and sterilizable glass syringes are made of borosilicate glass, which is resistant to heat and chemicals. They are used in applications that require higher chemical compatibility, such as handling corrosive substances or samples that need to be heated.

Gas-tight syringes are designed to minimize the loss or contamination of volatile substances or gases. Their plunger seal prevents leaks and allows for accurate measurement and delivery of gases or volatile liquids. Gas-tight syringes are commonly used in gas chromatography and other analytical techniques.                    

Precision syringes, like WPI’s NanoFil Microliter Syringes, are designed to provide highly precise and controlled delivery of aqueous solutions at the sub-microliter scale. Aside from the benefits of microliter-level volume, the low dead-volume allows for consistency in delivery of material across repeated uses. They often have smaller volume capacities and finer graduations on the barrel to enable precise control and dispensing of small volumes of liquids. Precision syringes are commonly used in analytical chemistry, pharmaceutical research, and other applications requiring precise measurements.

TIP: For greater accuracy, consider using a syringe pump such as WPI’s UltraMicroPump 3 (UMP3) paired with the MICRO2T controller.  which is a motorized device that automates the controlled delivery or withdrawal of liquids using syringes. They are used when precise and programmable flow rates or volumes are required, such as in controlled infusion experimentation, as well as retinal research where you can make retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) and intraocular (10) injections. You can also perform tissue infusion within mammalian models.

Suggested Best Practices for Handling Lab Syringes

Because syringes are frequently found in a laboratory, it is important to consider some safety protocols for handling and use. By following established guidelines for use, you can ensure accurate sample measurements, maintain sample integrity, and secure personal safety. Here are some suggestions to consider when you establish your safety guidelines.

Before You Use a Syringe

First, know your tools. Always read the manufacturer's instructions before using a syringe for the first time. Understand its features, volume capacity, and any special considerations.

To avoid any damage to the syringe or harm to personnel, as well as to avoid contamination, always hold the laboratory syringe by the barrel. Avoid contact with the needle or tip. Never hold the syringe by the plunger. Glass syringes can be heavier than the plunger, and the syringe could slip off the plunger, fall, and shatter.

Choose the appropriate syringe for your application. A syringe should closely match the volume range of the liquid you need to inject or withdraw. Using a syringe that is too large or too small can result in inaccurate measurements.

Ensure that your syringe is clean and free from any contaminants before use. Clean it thoroughly by rinsing with an appropriate solvent or cleaning agent, and if necessary, sterilize it by autoclaving or other appropriate methods. Or use a sterile, disposable syringe.

Select a needle or tip based on your application. Consider both the volume and the viscosity of the the liquid being injected or withdrawn. Always verify that the needle is securely attached to the syringe and properly fitted to prevent leaks or splatter. If you are using a needle with the syringe, insert it carefully and avoid bending or damaging the needle. Follow the appropriate technique for attaching and removing needles to prevent damage to the syringe's needle hub or tip.

Using the Syringe

Before drawing any liquid into the syringe, ensure there are no air bubbles trapped inside. Hold the syringe vertically, tap gently to dislodge any bubbles, and expel them by slowly pushing the plunger until a small amount of liquid is released.

Take measurements at eye level to avoid parallax errors. Slowly draw the liquid into the syringe, allowing it to fill the barrel completely and ensuring that the meniscus is aligned with the desired measurement mark.

When dispensing the liquid, apply slow, steady pressure to the plunger to avoid sudden spurts or spills. If precise dispensing is required, use the graduations on the syringe barrel for reference. For precision dispensing of liquids, a micropump like WPI’s UMP3 can accurately and consistently inject down to the sub-microliter range.

After Using a Syringe

When you change the aqueous substance being handled, always use a new, clean syringe to prevent cross-contamination. If you are reusing a syringe for the same substance, thoroughly clean and rinse it between uses to eliminate any residue. Also use a clean syringe for every subject you inject in or withdraw from.

Dispose of used syringes in accordance with appropriate safety protocols in place for your institution, following local regulations and guidelines for the disposal of medical waste or sharps.

Always prioritize safety and accuracy when using laboratory syringes and consult with experienced personnel or supervisors for any specific protocols or procedures in place for your laboratory setting.

Protecting Your Lab Syringe

A quality glass syringe will last longer if you take care of it properly. Here are a few ideas to help you avoid damage to your laboratory syringe.

Handle the syringe gently. Avoid applying excessive force to either the plunger or when inserting the needle tip, as this can lead to the syringe barrel cracking, the plunger becoming dislodged or bent, or the needle tip being compromised. Avoid working near edges where drop-off is possible.

NOTE: Before use, visually inspect the lab syringe for any cracks, defects, or damage. If you notice any issues, such as a cracked barrel or a loose plunger, do not use the syringe, and replace it with a new one.

Avoid extreme temperatures, because lab syringes can be sensitive to heat and cold, especially if they are made of plastic. Avoid exposing the syringe to excessive heat or cold, because the material may warp, expand, or become brittle, leading to potential damage.

When not in use, always store the syringes properly in a clean and dry environment. Protect them from direct sunlight, chemicals, or other potential sources of damage. Always follow the manufacturer's recommendations and guidelines for the specific syringe model you are using.

Syringes are commonly used in a lab setting for a variety of applications. Choosing your syringe carefully and handling it properly will ensure the longevity of the syringe, and the safety of your personnel. If you have questions regarding WPI syringe pumps or laboratory syringes, email us at [email protected] or give us a call at (866) 606-1974.

 

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