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Product Information
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May 30, 2014
What is REMS?
The REMS AutoSampler automates measurements of electrical resistance of transepithelial, transendothelial or Caco-2 cell membranes being grown to confluence on microporous filters of high throughput screening (HTS) 24- and 96-well microplates. It is a PC-controlled, tissue resistance measurement system that offers reproducibility, accuracy and flexibility for this kind of measurement. The ability of the REMS AutoSampler to precisely locate the electrode results in highly reproducible TEER measurements. TEER measurements are stored in the computer as the electrode moves from one well to the next. The Windows-based software provides user-friendly features to acquire, display and store the tissue resistance measurements.
Automated...more
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May 01, 2014
The 900A is designed to measure hydrostatic pressure in small vessels and cells. Pressure ranges of -200 to +400 millimeters of mercury can be measured with stability and accuracy. The system's sensing element is an electrolyte-filled glass microelectrode with a tip diameter range of 2 to 5 microns. Pressures of electrolyte solutions are measured by maintaining a salt concentration gradient at the tip of the sensing electrode in dynamic equilibrium by applying an equal air pressure inside the microelectrode. The pressure reading appears on the front panel display and via the BNC recorder output. Because the piezo electric pressure controller uses external pressure and vacuum sources, pressures lower than -200 to greater than +400 mm Hg can be quickly and accurately measured at the microelectrode tip.
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April 08, 2014
The REMS AutoSampler automates measurements of electrical resistance of transepithelial, transendothelial or Caco-2 cell membranes being grown to confluence on microporous filters of high throughput screening (HTS) 24- and 96-well microplates. It is a PC-controlled, tissue resistance measurement system that offers reproducibility, accuracy and flexibility for this kind of measurement. Automated measurement of tissue resistance in cell culture microplates provides the important advantages of speed, precision, decreased opportunity for contamination and the instant availability of measured resistance data on a computer. These measurements are useful in applications such as drug bioavailability studies and studies on the mechanisms of drug transport.
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November 18, 2013
One of our frequently asked questions (FAQs) concerns TEER measurements with an EndOhm. If the resistance readings from your ENDOHM don't stabilize, you may need to do some troubleshooting. Test the EVOM2
First, test your EVOM2 meter. The 1000Ω test resistor (WPI # 91750) can be used for this purpose.
- Insert the RJ-11 plug at the end of the test resistor into the Input port on the meter. ...more
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October 11, 2013
With the development of a High Throughput Screening (HTS) protocol for faster drug discovery, a new line of cell culture filter plates have been introduced by several major cell culture insert manufacturers. These HTS plates normally have either 24 or 96 individual cell culture inserts "bonded" together as one plate so that it can be handled by a robot apparatus. In response to these developments, WPI has developed an automatic REMS system and a manual electrode, STX100, for TEER measurements using HTS plates. - Designed for use with 24-well HTS plates (Corning Costar and BD Falcon) and with 96-well plates (Millipore and BD Falcon)
- Improved accuracy down to 5Ω
- Sterilize with EtO, alcohol or bactericide
STX100's design is based on the same reliable design principle as the universally...more
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October 11, 2013
Transepithelial Electrical Resistance TEER measurements is the most convenient, reliable and non-destructive method for evaluating and monitoring the growth of epithelial tissue cultures in vitro. The confluence of the cellular monolayer is quickly determined by a sharp increase in TEER. TEER measurement technology, which was first introduced by WPI in the mid-1980's, has since been perfected and expanded to include a range of TEER related manual and automatic instrumentation, including:
- EVOM² - Manual TEER measurement of epithelial cells in 24- and 96-well plates
- REMS AutoSampler - Automated system for High Throughput Screening (HTS)
EVOM2 Volt-Ohm Meter
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October 11, 2013
The REMS AutoSampler automates measurements of electrical resistance of transepithelial, transendothelial or Caco-2 cell membranes being grown to confluence on microporous filters of high throughput screening (HTS) 24- and 96-well microplates. It is a computer-controlled, tissue resistance measurement system that offers reproducibility, accuracy, flexibility and ease-of-operation for this kind of measurement. Automated measurement of tissue resistance in cell culture microplates provides the important advantages of speed, precision, decreased opportunity for contamination and the instant availability of measured resistance data on a computer. These measurements are useful in applications such as drug bioavailability studies and studies on the mechanisms of drug transport.
The main components of the REMS AutoSampler include:
- Robotic sampler that moves the electrode over each well of the microplate
- Electrode which is located on the robotic arm
- Base plate for the 24-and 96-well tray
- Windows-based data acquisition card
- REMS interface unit
- REMS software to operate the system on a Windows-based computer
The REMS AutoSampler automates TEER measurements previously made with WPI's EVOM2 Epithelial Voltohmmeter. Automated tissue resistance measurements up to 20kΩ can be performed on 24- or 96-well HTS microplates. Microplates presently supported include the Corning Costar HTS Transwell-24, Falcon HTS Multiwell insert systems, and Millipore Multiscreen™ CaCo 96-well plate. The REMS AutoSampler is designed to facilitate integration with other robotic systems. Special locating bars are installed on the REMS base platform that allow other system robots to place an HTS tray into a precise location on the REMS base.
The REMS AutoSampler automatically measures and records tissue resistance from a user-specified matrix of culture wells on the microplate. According to the specified sequence, the robotic arm moves over the identified wells taking TEER measurements. By means of a x-y-z locating system, the electrode-containing arm is positioned precisely and reproducibly over each well. The ability of the REMS AutoSampler to reproducibly and precisely locate the electrode results in highly reproducible TEER measurements. TEER measurements are stored in the computer as the electrode moves from one well to the next. The Windows-based software provides user-friendly features to acquire, display and store the tissue resistance measurements.
The REMS electrode is compact and robust in design. Each of two rod-shaped probes, 1.5mm in diameter, consists of a pair of electrodes: one electrode for injecting current and the other for measuring the voltage. The use of two pairs of electrodes eliminates the error caused by the electrode-liquid interface. To take a measurement, the robot inserts one probe into the center of the filter well and the other into the opening slot of the 24- or 96-well plate. The use of AC current to measure resistance provides several advantages over DC current, including:
- Absence of offset voltages on measurements
- There is a zero net current being passed through the membrane, and therefore it is not adversely affected by a current charge
- No electrochemical deposition of electrode metal.
The REMS AutoSampler also features a rinse and calibration check station. If occasional rinsing of the REMS electrode is required, it maybe sent to a rinse...more
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October 11, 2013
WPI's EndOhm chambers were designed for making TEER measurement of endothelial cell cultures in individual cups. The EndOhm chambers feature:
- Compatible with EVOM²
- Improved accuracy of 1-2Ω
- Accommodates 6mm, 12mm, 24mm cups and Costar Snapwell cup
- Sterilized with EtO, alcohol or a bactericide
Using WPI's EVOM² resistance meter, EndOhm chambers provide reproducible resistance measurements of endothelial tissue in culture cups. Transfer cups from their culture wells to the EndOhm chamber for measurement rather than using hand-held electrodes. The chamber and the cap each contain a pair of concentric electrodes: a voltage-sensing silver/silver chloride pellet in the center plus an annular current electrode.
The...more
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October 03, 2013
See how simple it is to operate the new ATC2000 Animal Temperature Controller. The new adaptive mode takes the guesswork out of temperature control so you can focus on the details of your own experiment.
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October 03, 2013
WPI surgical instruments were recently featured in a JoVE video that demonstrates a new method for cross pollinating grasses.
Jiang, H., Barbier, H., Brutnell, T. Methods for Performing Crosses in Setaria viridis, a New Model System for the Grasses. J. Vis. Exp. (80), e50527, doi:10.3791/50527 (2013)...more
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September 16, 2013
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September 16, 2013
The PSMB5N Surgical Microscope has a motorized focusing system that allows for hands free operation. It is lightweight, compact and easy to maneuver. Dual bulbs prevent illumination failure during surgery. It has an optional video adapter and five magnification steps. This video shows you how to assemble your microscope.
Safety is a primary concern when setting up equipment. Here are a few pointers.
- This setup requires open space to work in.
- Be sure to remove the packing materials as soon as you unpack your boxes.
- Watch your hands when you are using a box cutter.
- The articulating arm is spring loaded. Be sure to release the tension on it in a controlled manner.
- Be sure to remove all parts from the boxes before you throw the...more
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September 03, 2013
The EVOM2 measures trans epithelial electrical resistance (TEER) in tissue culture research. The EndOhm series of chambers for the EVOM2 are designed to accurately measure trans endothelial electrical resistance. Learn how to setup your EndOhm Chamber with an EVOM2 Epithelial Volt Ohm Meter. See how to equilibrate the sensors when taking a voltage measurement. And, learn how to take resistance and voltage measurements.
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September 03, 2013
WPI now offers suction tweezers that are ideal for picking up small objects with a flat surface. The Pickup Tweezers are perfect for handling and positioning coverslips, removing small tissues from a solution or manipulation of small electronic components. The Pickup Tweezers (#504523) require no power or batteries, and are safe from all electrostatic discharge. This kit includes the metal body (handle), a straight metal needle, an angled metal needle, three rubber cups (4, 6 and 9mm diameter) and a lubricant set. When your fingers are just too big, and standard tweezers are awkward, the Pickup Tweezers are perfect.
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August 23, 2013
Researchers at the University of Michigan are using WPI's PV820 for injecting a morpholino solution into the lumen of the otic vesicle of 1-day old zebrafish embryos. Then, they use electroporation to introduce mif and mif-like morpholinos into the developing inner ear tissues.
Check out the ...more